Digital Photography Solutions

Table Of Contents
Part I: Starting with a Few Good Digital Images . . . . . . . . . . . . .1
1—Introducing Digital Cameras . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . .3
Correcting misconceptions about the digital cameral. . . . . . . . . . . 4
Digital pictures are better than you think . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 5
The digital camera is not like a film camera . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 8
You won’t use a digital camera like a film camera . . . . . . . . . . . 10
It might (or might not) be cheaper to shoot digital . . . . . . . . . . 10
You can’t shoot” everything” with a digital camera . . . . . . . . . . . 12
If a digital camera meets your needs now,
don’t wait for new technology . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 13
Things to consider when purchasing a digital camera . . . . . . . . . . 17
Do you need a PC to use a digital camera?. . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 24
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2—Learning to Take Better Pictures . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 27
Why are you taking pictures?. . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . .28
Deciding what to shoot . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 29
Choosing how you will present and share you images . . . . . . . . . . . 29
Picture-taking is easy, but getting outstanding pictures takes work . . . 30
Seeing the “light” . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 30
Ten traditional picture-taking approaches that always work . . . . . . . . . . 31
Shoot with the best possible light . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 32
Rule of thirds. . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 33
Vary your camera angles . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 34
Include an appropriate foreground or background . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 34
Silhouette a backlit subject . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 35
Bright subject on black background . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 36
Create frames around your subjects. . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 36
Crop or shoot for “partial images”. . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 37
Use partial focus to increase the emphasis on part of your image. . . 38
Look for strong geometry. . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 39
A “starter set” of 15 digital imaging techniques. . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 40
Shoot interesting objects for their own sake . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 41
Shoot poses . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 42
Shoot backgrounds just as a background. . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 43
Shoot to create fantasy . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 45
Shoot just for color . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 45
Shoot sequence of images . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 46
Shoot panoramas . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 47
Shoot images for a photomontage . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 47
Shoot for specific effects . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 48
Shoot personality . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 49
Shoot to create Web page images. . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 49
Shoot knowing that you can fix it . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 50
Shoot for varying photo proportions . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 51
Shoot for intrigue, conflict, mystery, action, or ... . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 52
Shoot for a dramatic effect . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 53
Ways to improve your picture-taking skills . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 53
Know thyself and thy equipment . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 54
Know your digital camera settings . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 54
Visit art galleries and digital photography Web sites. . . . . . . . . . . . . 55
Shoot over and over until you get it right . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 55
Create for, and share with, others . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 55
3—Turning Photographs into Digital Images . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . .57
The basics of digital image files . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 57
Pixels and resolution. . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 58
Dots per inch (dpi) . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 61
Image color depth or number of color bits . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 61
Image size . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 62
Image compression . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 63
Using a scanner to acquire digital images . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 65
Should you buy a scanner? . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 65
Six easy steps for buying the right scanner for you needs. . . . . . . . . 66
Using Kodak digitization services . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 71
Kodak Picture Center Online Services . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 71
Kodak Picture Disk . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 71
Kodak Picture CD . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 72
Kodak Photo CD . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 73
Kodak Pro Photo CD . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 74
Getting digital images from a local photo lab. . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 75
Using a photo kiosk to get digital images. . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 76
Using mail-order photofinishers. . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 77
Getting scans from custom photo labs . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 78
4—Managing and Storing Images . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . .79
How much storage will you need? . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 81
What do you want to be able to do? . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 83
Tips for storing and managing image files . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 84
Create an organized folder/directory system . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 84
Make and follow a plan for digital camera images . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 85
Copy images to removable storage media . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 85
Save original digital camera images . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 85
Consider implementing a backup plan . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 86
Create extra copies of some images on an organized basis . . . . . . . . 89
Image management with Windows. . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 90
Using Windows Explorer. . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 90
Using image-management utilities . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 92
Midnight Blue Software’s SuperJPG . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 92
Paint Shop Pro . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 93
Using consumer-level image editors and project applications . . . . . . . . . 93
Roxio’s PhotoSuite . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 94
Adobe Photoshop Elements. . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 95
Using advanced image-management applications . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 97
Advanced image-management applications to consider . . . . . . . . . . 97
Cerious Software Inc.’s ThumbsPlus . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 98
Extensis Portfolio . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 99
Adobe Photoshop Album . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 100
Ulead’s PhotoImpact Album . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 101
Other useful things that you can do . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 102
Saving images to removable media . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 103
Choosing removable storage media . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 103
Writing image files to CDs . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 104
Tips for storing images on CDs . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 105
Using photofinishing services . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 106
Part II: Transforming Ordinary Images
into Extraordinary Ones . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . .107
5—Getting Images into Shape . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . .109
Correcting imperfect images. . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 110
Fixing an image taken with a digital camera . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 113
Fixing a scanned image . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 116
Fixing a damaged photograph . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 118
Selecting the proper file characteristics . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 121
Using software to automate image correction. . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 122
Batch processing . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 124
6—Performing Digital Imaging Magic . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . .129
Choosing a digital image editor . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 130
Professional-level digital image editors . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 131
Advanced consumer or business-use digital editors . . . . . . . . . . . . 132
Consumer-level digital imaging applications. . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 132
Professional-level plug-ins . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 133
A digital imaging techniques sampler . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 137
Selecting parts of an image . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 138
Adding objects to an image . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 138
Transforming parts of images. . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 139
Changing colors . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 140
Layering objects. . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 141
Painting with an image . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 142
Removing objects from an image . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 144
Using masks . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 145
Creating magical images . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 146
Putting up the rainbow . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 147
The mushroom garden adventure . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 148
Adjusting light in the North Sea . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 150
7—Filtering for Special Effects . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . .153
What can you do with filters? . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 154
A “before” and “after” image sampler . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 154
Learning more about what filters can do . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 157
Using applications with filter effects . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 167
Adobe Photoshop and Photoshop Elements filters . . . . . . . . . . . . . 167
Broderbund’s The Print Shop . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 168
Corel Corporation’s Photo-Paint . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 169
procreate’s Painter . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 170
Ulead Systems’ PhotoImpact . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 170
Using plug-in filters . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 171
Alien Skin Software’s Eye Candy . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 171
Alien Skin Software’s Xenofex . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 172
Alien Skin Software’s Splat. . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 173
Andromeda Software Inc.’s Series 3: Screens Filters. . . . . . . . . . . . 174
Xaos Tools’ Terrazzo . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 174
Auto F/X DreamSuite . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 175
Part III: Useful and Cool Ways to Use Your Images . . . . . . . . .177
8—Displaying Digital Images Electronically . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . .179
Using a photo album to store and view images . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 180
Using an album with database capabilities . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 181
Create a book-like picture album. . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 185
Creating a multimedia slide show . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 189
Displaying images with a screensaver . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 190
Creating a screensaver . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 191
Guidelines for choosing the best application for your needs . . . . . . . . . 194
Sharing your images with others . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 194
Output options . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 195
File and program size . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 195
Getting images from many sources . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 195
Sorting, searching, and ordering images . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 195
Adding nonphoto “things” . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 196
Applications to consider . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 197
9—Other Useful and Fun Things You Can Do with Images . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . .199
Image projects for business . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 200
Business cards and letterhead . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 200
Project quote sheet . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 205
Product catalog pages . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 206
Postcards . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 207
Certificates. . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 208
Image projects for home . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 210
Personal letters . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 210
Creating a photomontage . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 213
Greeting cards . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 215
Wine bottle labels . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 217
Image projects for kids . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 218
Birthday party invitations . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 218
Flyers. . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 218
Creating fun pictures . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 219
Images for coaches. . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 221
Sports cards and posters . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 222
Image creations just for art’s sake . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 223
Artwork to be framed . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 223
Images to accompany short stories . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 224
Stitching images together to create a panorama . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 225
Other cool things to do with images. . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 228
Part IV: Sharing & Enjoying Your Images . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . .229
10—Sharing Images . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . .231
Sharing Images . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 232
Accessibility is everything. . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 233
It takes the right kind of viewer to view . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 234
File size matters more than you think . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 234
Using e-mail to send images. . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 235
Sending images as an e-mail attachment. . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 236
Sending e-mail with a URL pointer. . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 237
Using HTML-based e-mail to send images . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 238
Sharing images with electronic postcards and greeting cards . . . . . . . . 240
Sharing images with instant messenger and chat applications . . . . . . . 243
Sharing electronic documents that contain images . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 245
Working with Microsoft Office documents. . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 245
Using photo labs and online services to share digital images . . . . . . . . 246
Getting your own Web space . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 250
Getting free or low-cost Web space . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 251
Using software that automatically creates image-based Web pages . . . . 251
Creating an online portfolio . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 252
Authoring your own Web pages . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 257
A few words about HTML . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 257
Using Microsoft Office to create Web pages . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 258
Using WYSIWYG editors. . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 259
Uploading files to your Web site . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 260
11—Turning Digital Images into Prints . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . .263
Looking into the future. . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 263
Ordering prints through the Internet . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 265
Getting prints made at a local photo lab. . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 267
Using custom photo lab services or specialty printers . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 269
Using a desktop printer to make prints . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 270
Type of printers . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 270
Printer features that might be important to you . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 271
Printers for the PC-less environment. . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 274
Choosing print media . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 274
Types of paper . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 274
Specialty papers . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 277
A few last words . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 280
Index . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . .281

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Beginning C# Object-Oriented Programming

Part I: Getting Started
Chapter 1: Getting Started
Chapter 2: Understanding Objects

Part II: Understanding C# Syntax
Chapter 3: Understanding Data Types
Chapter 4: Understanding C# Statements
Chapter 5: Understanding Reference Data Types
Chapter 6: Making Decisions in Code
Chapter 7: Statement Repetition Using Loops
Chapter 8: Arrays

Part III: Writing Your Own Classes
Chapter 9: Designing Classes
Chapter 10: Designing and Writing Custom Classes
Chapter 11: Exception Handling and Debugging
Chapter 12: Generics

Part IV: Storing Data
Chapter 13: Using Disk Data Files
Chapter 14: Using Databases
Chapter 15: Inheritance and Polymorphism
Appendix A: Exercise Solutions
Index
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OPPORTUNITIES in Broadcasting Careers

Contents
Foreword ix
Acknowledgments xi
1. The New World of Broadcasting 1
The communication challenge. The big picture. New
media era. Electronic narrowcasting. The Internet.
Electronic communications. Employment outlook.
2. A History of the Field 13
Radio growth and regulation. The Communications
Act of 1934. Development of television. Public
broadcasting. Licensed and unlicensed low-power
narrowcasting. The Telecommunications Act of 1996.
Broadcast law and policy.
Broadcasting Career Fields 25
Announcers. News analysts, reporters, and
correspondents. Writers and editors. Desktop publishers.
Television, video, and motion picture camera operators.
Systems analysts, computer scientists, and database
administrators. Broadcast and sound engineering
technicians and radio operators.
4. Television in the United States 35
Jobs in marketing, promotion, and research. Sales
positions. Management and administrative jobs.
Engineering careers. Network television jobs.
5. Cable Television 47
Cable and satellite systems. Cable network jobs.
Cable systems jobs. Multiple systems operators.
6. News Careers 63
Television news. Radio news. Cable news. Business
news jobs. Career advice from news experts. Internet
employment.
7. Electronic Media 81
Weighing your media options. Electronic media in
Canada. Ask the professor. Valuable communications
qualities. Job satisfaction. Electronic media career test.
8. Preparing for a Career in Electronic Media 95
Smaller markets. What management wants. Working
conditions. Money matters. Education. Selecting a
college or university. Broadcasting fraternities and
societies. Internships, scholarships, and fellowships.
Résumés and software. Licensing. How to get that
first job.
9. Radio 111
AM radio. FM radio. Digital and satellite radio.
Growth of radio networks. Radio personalities.
The hometown station. Group and niche
programming. Automation and syndication.
10. Radio Employment 121
Programming and production. Disc jockeys and
drive-time talent. General announcers. Sales.
Marketing, promotion, and publicity. Research.
Management and administration. Traffic.
Engineering. Additional jobs in radio.
11. Careers Related to Broadcasting 137
Nonbroadcast video systems. Video production. Video
postproduction jobs. Additional fields.
12. Opportunities in Broadcasting for
Women and Minorities 149
Gender salary comparison. Minority ownership in
broadcasting. A final word.
Appendix A: Scholarships, Internships, Fellowships,
and Grants 155
Appendix B: Broadcasting and
Journalism Job Banks 161
Appendix C: Colleges and Universities 163
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Microsoft SharePoint 2010 Business Intelligence

Table of Contents
Introduction 1
How This Book Is Organized
What This Book Does Not Cover
Expanding Your Knowledge
Part I Getting Started
1 Introduction to the Business Intelligence Center in SharePoint 2010 7
Planning for Your Business Intelligence Center
Server Prerequisites and Licensing Considerations
Choosing BI Tools
Creating and Configuring Your Business Intelligence Center
Creating a New Site Collection Using the Business
Intelligence Center Site Collection Template
Reviewing the Business Intelligence Center
Reviewing Features Enabled for BI
Creating a New Subsite Using the Business Intelligence Center
Site Template
Summary
Best Practices
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2 Configuring and Using Excel Services in SharePoint 2010 17
Configuring Excel Services . .........................................................................17
Global Settings.....................................................................................18
Trusted File Locations ..........................................................................22
Trusted Data Providers.........................................................................25
Trusted Data Connection Libraries .....................................................26
User-Defined Functions .......................................................................27
Using Excel Services. ....................................................................................28
Creating a Library for Excel Workbooks .............................................28
Adding Excel Workbooks to the Library .............................................29
Accessing Excel Workbooks from the Library.....................................31
Using the Excel Web Access Web Part ................................................31
Summary .......................................................................................................33
Best Practices .................................................................................................33
Part II Reporting Services
3 Reporting Services Setup and Configuration 37
Installing Reporting Services . ......................................................................38
Installing the Reporting Services Add-In for SharePoint .............................39
Configuring the Reporting Services Add-In for SharePoint Integration .....40
Adding Content Types to a Document Library............................................42
Summary . .....................................................................................................45
Best Practices . ...............................................................................................45
4 Report Management 47
Deploying Reports. .......................................................................................48
Upload Report to Document Library ..................................................48
Deploy Report from BIDS. ..................................................................49
Save from Report Builder. ...................................................................51
Built-In SharePoint Functions . ....................................................................53
Shared Schedules. .........................................................................................55
Processing Options. ......................................................................................58
Data Sources . ................................................................................................60
Shared Datasets . ...........................................................................................62
Parameters . ...................................................................................................64
Subscriptions . ...............................................................................................65
Summary . .....................................................................................................69
Best Practices . ...............................................................................................69
5 Using the Report Viewer Web Parts 71
Configuring the SharePoint Integrated Mode Web Part..............................71
SharePoint Integrated Mode Web Part Properties . ......................................75
SharePoint Integrated Mode Web Part Connections . .................................77
Configuring the Native Mode Web Parts . ...................................................81
Summary . .....................................................................................................85
Best Practices . ...............................................................................................86
Part III PerformancePoint Services
6 PerformancePoint Services Configuration 89
Adding PerformancePoint Services...............................................................89
Setting up the Secure Store Service...............................................................90
Applying PerformancePoint Service Application Settings ...........................91
Enabling Non-Business Intelligence Center Sites with
PerformancePoint Services .........................................................................93
Setting Trusted Data Source Locations and Trusted Content Locations .....96
Summary . .....................................................................................................98
Best Practices . ...............................................................................................98
7 PerformancePoint Services Development 99
Using Dashboard Designer ...........................................................................99
Creating Data Connections ........................................................................102
Analysis Services Data Connection ...................................................102
Excel Services Data Connection. ......................................................104
SharePoint List Data Connection. ....................................................107
SQL Server Table Data Connection ...................................................108
Building Key Performance Indicators. .......................................................109
Blank KPI............................................................................................110
Objective . ..........................................................................................112
Developing Scorecards ................................................................................113
Creating Reports . .......................................................................................117
Analytic Chart ...................................................................................118
Analytic Grid . ...................................................................................119
Strategy Map ......................................................................................121
KPI Details. ........................................................................................122
Reporting Services..............................................................................123
Excel Services .....................................................................................124
ProClarity Analytics Server Page .......................................................125
Web Page............................................................................................126
Filtering Data . ............................................................................................126
Custom Table .....................................................................................127
MDX Query........................................................................................127
Member Selection ..............................................................................128
Named Set. ........................................................................................128
Time Intelligence ...............................................................................129
Time Intelligence Connection...........................................................129
Constructing Dashboards . .........................................................................130
Connecting Filters to Dashboard Content Objects ..........................131
Linking KPI Details Report to a Scorecard . ......................................133
Creating Multiple Pages in a Dashboard. ..................................................134
Deploying the Dashboard to SharePoint ..........................................135
User Interaction with the Decomposition Tree. ........................................137
Summary . ...................................................................................................139
Best Practices . .............................................................................................139
8 PerformancePoint Services Security 141
Data Source Delegation...............................................................................141
PerformancePoint Services and SharePoint Permissions ...........................144
Summary . ...................................................................................................147
Best Practices . .............................................................................................147
Part IV PowerPivot
9 PowerPivot for Excel 151
Overview of PowerPivot..............................................................................151
Installing PowerPivot. ................................................................................152
Using PowerPivot. ......................................................................................153
Getting the Data . .......................................................................................154
Importing from a Database ...............................................................154
Importing from a Flat File . ...............................................................157
Preparing the Data ......................................................................................158
Creating Relationships Between the Tables ......................................159
Adding Calculated Fields. .................................................................160
Hiding Unwanted Fields. ..................................................................161
Presenting the Data.....................................................................................162
Summary . ...................................................................................................165
Best Practices . .............................................................................................165
10 PowerPivot for SharePoint 167
Overview of PowerPivot for SharePoint .....................................................167
Installing PowerPivot for SharePoint . .......................................................168
Hardware and Software Requirements . .....................................................168
New Single-Server Install ...................................................................169
Multiserver Farm Install . ..................................................................171
Using PowerPivot for SharePoint . .............................................................176
PowerPivot Gallery ............................................................................176
Data Refresh and Snapshots ..............................................................179
Publishing Workbooks.......................................................................180
Controlling Data Exposure and Spreadmarts ...................................181
Monitoring PowerPivot...............................................................................182
Enabling Usage and Health Data Collection ....................................182
Using the PowerPivot Management Dashboard ...............................183
Summary .....................................................................................................184
Best Practices ...............................................................................................184
Part V Visio Services
11 Configuring Visio Graphics Service 187
Adding the Visio Graphics Service .............................................................187
Configuring Visio Graphics Service Global Settings ..................................189
Configuring a Visio Graphics Service Global Settings
Parameters by Using Windows PowerShell . ..................................190
Visio Graphics Service Trusted Data Providers. .........................................191
Visio Process Repository Site Template. .....................................................193
Summary . ...................................................................................................195
Best Practices . .............................................................................................195
12 Visio Graphics Service Development 197
Prerequisites ................................................................................................197
Developing a Data-Driven Visio Web Drawing..........................................198
Publish a Drawing to a SharePoint 2010 Document Library.....................212
Browsing a Visio Web Drawing Online......................................................213
Refreshing Data in a Visio Web Drawing ...................................................214
Embedding a Drawing into a SharePoint Page Using the
Visio Web Access Web Part.......................................................................214
Interaction with Other SharePoint 2010 Applications ..............................218
Custom Data Providers . .............................................................................220
Summary . ...................................................................................................221
Best Practices . .............................................................................................221
13 Visio Graphics Service Security 223
Internal Data Sources..................................................................................223
External Data Sources .................................................................................224
Adding a New Trusted Data Provider .........................................................224
Data Source Delegation...............................................................................226
Publishing an ODC File to SharePoint 2010 with Secure Store
Service Security Model..............................................................................229
Summary . ...................................................................................................231
Best Practices . .............................................................................................231
Part VI End-to-End Solutions
14 Building a Management Dashboard Solution 235
Preparing the Management Console. ........................................................235
Creating the Site Collection and Sites ..............................................235
Customizing the Navigation . ...........................................................237
Configuring Reporting Services.........................................................239
Configuring PerformancePoint Services ...........................................239
Deployed Solution ......................................................................................239
Creating a Reporting Services Report with Report Builder 3.0 ..................240
Create a Data Source..........................................................................241
Create a Dataset . ...............................................................................242
Create a Report . ................................................................................245
Creating PerformancePoint Content. ........................................................250
Creating the Analysis Services Data Connection..............................251
Creating the Scorecard and KPIs . .....................................................252
Creating Reports . ..............................................................................259
Creating the Filter. ............................................................................262
Building and Deploying the PerformancePoint Dashboard ......................263
Interacting with the BI Dashboard. ...........................................................266
Summary . ...................................................................................................269
Best Practices . .............................................................................................269
15 Integrating Visio and Excel Services 271
Deployed Solution ......................................................................................271
Creating a Visio Web Drawing with Microsoft Visio 2010
Premium Edition ......................................................................................272
Summary . ...................................................................................................277
Best Practices . .............................................................................................277
Part VII Troubleshooting
16 Reporting Services Issues 281
How Do I Create a Shared Dataset in Report Builder?. .............................281
Report Builder Getting Started Dialog Not Displayed . .............................282
Enable Report Builder to Create or Edit Reports. ......................................283
Is the Reporting Services Add-In Installed?. ..............................................284
How Do I Activate the Report Server Integration Feature?........................285
How Do I Create Report Artifacts in a SharePoint Library?.......................285
Checking Report Project Settings . .............................................................286
Summary . ...................................................................................................286
Best Practices . .............................................................................................286
17 PerformancePoint Services Issues 287
PerformancePoint Services Is Not Configured Correctly ...........................287
Dashboard Connection Formula . ..............................................................289
Creating PerformancePoint Content Items in a Nontrusted Location......292
Insufficient Security for Dashboard Deployment . ....................................293
Cube Action Not Available on a PerformancePoint Services Report. .......294
Summary . ...................................................................................................295
Best Practices . .............................................................................................296
18 PowerPivot Issues 297
Troubleshooting PowerPivot for Excel . .....................................................297
Enabling Tracing from PowerPivot for Excel ....................................298
Disable Tracing from PowerPivot for Excel. .....................................299
Analyze Traces from PowerPivot for Excel. ......................................300
Troubleshooting PowerPivot for SharePoint ..............................................300
Common Issues. .........................................................................................301
Installing PowerPivot.........................................................................302
Using PowerPivot. .............................................................................302
Summary .....................................................................................................303
19 Visio Services Issues 305
Visio Graphics Service Data Refresh Failed (Event ID 8037, 8038, 8062,
8063) .........................................................................................................305
Visio Configuration Database Not Found (Event ID 8040) .......................306
Visio Graphics Service Untrusted Data Provider Request
(Event ID 8041) ........................................................................................307
Visio Graphics Service Failed to Generate Diagram
(Event ID 8060, 8042, 8043) ....................................................................307
Visio Proxy Initialization Failed (Event ID 8044) ......................................307
Visio Application Proxy Has Invalid Endpoint (Event ID 8049) ...............308
Visio Graphics Service Data Provider Not Found (Event ID 8050)............310
Visio Graphics Service File Loading Error (Event ID 8051, 8061) .............310
Summary . ...................................................................................................311
Best Practices . .............................................................................................311

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How to be a Brilliant Thinker

Contents
1. The need for different thinking 1
2. Consider the opposite 6
3. Confront assumptions 10
4. Analyse problems 15
The path to the ideal 16; Why, why? 16; Six serving
men 18; Lotus blossom 19; Summary 19
5. Ask questions 21
6. Think in combinations 26
7. Parallel thinking 30
8. Think creatively 35
9. Think laterally 39
10. Think what no one else thinks 44
11. Evaluate ideas 47
Selection criteria 47; Triage 49; Group evaluation
methods 50
12. Make difficult decisions 52
Pair rankings 54
13. Develop your verbal thinking 60
Get a good dictionary and thesaurus 61; Read 62;
Capture new words 63; Write, rewrite and edit 64;
Play with words 64; Listen to yourself 65; Take the
verbal intelligence questionnaire 65
14. Think mathematically 67
15. Get to grips with probability 73
16. Think visually 79
Questionnaire on visual thinking 82; Answers to
the questions 83
17. Develop your emotional intelligence 86
Self-awareness 87; Self-management 88; Social
awareness 89; Relationship management 91
18. Be a brilliant conversationalist 92
Ask questions 92; Listen 93; Give compliments 94;
Use names 94; Keep up to date on topical issues 94;
Be humorous 95; Speak clearly 96; Enjoy it 96
19. Win arguments 97
Dos, don’ts and sneaky tactics 97; Questionnaire 102
20. Ponder 103
Listen 103; Slow down your life 104; Prioritize 105;
Declu��er 105; Delay some decisions 106; Incubate 106;
Meditate 107; Allocate time for reflection 107
vi Contents
21. Maximize your memory 109
Memory pegging techniques 111; The virtual
journey 114; Mnemonics 116; Remembering
numbers 116; Remembering names 116
22. Experiment, fail and learn 119
Questionnaire on learning from mistakes 120
23. Tell stories 124
24. Think humorously 128
How to tell a joke 129
25. Think positively 131
26. Set goals 136
27. Prioritize and focus 140
Handling your to-do list 142
28. Turn thinking into action 145
Why procrastination is dangerous 145; Ask yourself
‘Why am I stuck?’ 146; It is all right not to know 146;
Don’t wait for perfection 146; Phone a friend 147;
Remind yourself of the benefits 148; Do something –
get into motion 148; Set goals 149; Share your goals
and actions 149; Pause, don’t stop 149; Mentally
rehearse and then act 150; Take the procrastination
questionnaire 150
29. Common thinking errors 151
The availability error 151; Mistaking the cause 154;
The gambler’s fallacy 155; The confirmation bias 156;
Clustering illusion 156; Cognitive biases 156
30. Boost your brain 159
Contents vii
viii How to be a brilliant thinker
31. Games for brilliant thinkers 166
32. Summary – a checklist for the brilliant thinker 169
Appendix 1: Answers 173
Appendix 2: References and further reading 174
Index 176
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How to be a DJ !

Contents
1 Becoming a Radio DJ 1
What’s Involved
The Challenges of Radio
Skills Needed
The Ratings
Types of Radio Jobs
Music DJs
Talk Show DJs
Sports Announcers
Sports Reporters
Traffic Reporters.
Newscasters
News Reporters
Other Radio Jobs
Talking the Talk: Radio Terminology
How to Begin Your Career as a Radio DJ
College Internships
Other Ways to Gain On-Air Experience
Your “Demo” Tape
Music Formats
FCC Obscenity/Indecency Standards
Marketing Yourself
Job Outlook
Real-World Experiences
Mike Staff
Lisa G
Dave Mann
Jon “Rock ‘n’ Roll” Anthony
Denise Kelly
Mel “Toxic” Taylor
Michael Lowe
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2 Becoming a Nightclub or Bar DJ 29
Getting My Start
Coming Up in Philly
Going Euro in Jersey
Working in Atlantis
Minding My Own Business
Working as a Club DJ
Entertainment Theory
Bands vs DJs
Your DJ Name
Preparing to Play Live
Performing at Free-Standing Clubs
Performing in Hotel Clubs
Performing in Smaller Bars
Performing in Adult Clubs
Performing in After Hours Clubs
Typical Club and Bar Equipment
Turntables and CD Players
Mixers, Headphones, Speakers, and Amps
Lights and Special Effects
Using Video
Bar Games and Special Promotions
The Law
The Five-Step Plan for Successful Promotions
Effectively Marketing Yourself
Adding Credibility to Your Show
Cover Letter
The Contract
3 Becoming a Mobile DJ 77
Introduction
Performing at Wedding Receptions
The Ceremony
Cocktail Hour
Wedding Introductions
The Bride and Groom’s First Dance
The Blessing or Benediction
The Toast
Dinner Hour
Parent Dances
Wedding Party Dance
Party Time!
Additional Dances and Events
Fun Wedding Events
Performing at Anniversary Parties
Performing at Class Reunions
Performing at Proms and School Dances
Performing at Company Picnics, Fundraisers, and Other Corporate Affairs
Performing at Bar and Bat Mitzvahs
Cocktail Hour
Grand Entrance
The Blessing of the Bread (“Motzi”)
Chowtime
Dancing and Games
The Hora
The Candlelighting Ceremony
More Dancing and Stuff
The Grand Finale
Performing at Sweet 16s
Cocktail Hour
Grand Entrance or Introductions
Special Dances
The Toast
Candlelighting Ceremony
Performing at Other Mobile Parties
Preparation for a Mobile Job
Mobile Advertising, Marketing,and Imaging
Telephone Coverage
Credit Cards
Contracts
Referrals
Your Sales Kit
Drumming Up Sales
Advertising
Super-Secret Marketing Tricks
Contracts and Forms
Wedding Information Sheet
Equipment Checklist
Sample Contract .
4 Mobile and Club DJ Equipment 125
Introduction to Sound
The Basic Equipment
Turntables
Belt Drive vs. Direct Drive
Technics 1200s
Turntable Cartridges and How They Work
Tone Arms
Slipmats
Hooking Up Your Turntable
CD Players
The Dual CD Deck
Tabletop CD Players
The Skippies
Microphones
Types of Mics
Wireless Mics
Using a Microphone
Mixers
Battle Style Mixers
Multi-channel DJ Mixers
Hooking Up Your Mixer
Amplifiers
Choosing Your Weapon
Hooking Up Your Amplifier
Speakers
Headphones
Equalizers
Hooking Everything Up
The Cables
Crossovers
Packages or Starter Kits
Used Equipment
Maintenance Anyone Can Do
Emergency Kits and Backup
5 All About The Music 167
It’s All About Your Audience
Club Mixes, Remixes, and Radio Versions
Does The Music Matter?
Building a Collection from Scratch
CDs vs. Vinyl vs. MP3
Full CDs vs. CD Singles
Cocktail Music
Slow Jams
House and Techno Music
Trance/Progressive House
Freestyle or Club Music
Disco
Hip Hop and Rap
Alternative or Modern Rock
Dance Rock
Oldies
Top Country
Latin Music Explosion
Maintaining Your Library
Record Pools and Promotional Services
Legal Music Download Websites
Master Programming
Dance Music vs. Listening Music
Sad Music vs Happy Music
Reading a Room
Rotating the Dance Floor
Developing Effective Music Programming
Handling Requests
Strange Requests and Other Issues
Breaking New Music
6 Performance DJs 205
The Basics of Beatmixing
Basic Dance Music Theory
Beats Per Minute
Basic Beatmixing
The Right Place at the Right Time
You Can Do It In The Mix
Slamming
Sample Slamming
Beatmixing No-Nos
Advanced DJ Performance Mix Tricks
Scratching
Preparing to Scratch
Scratching Techniques
The Art of Remixing and Edits
Remixing
Edits
Producing Electronic Music
Dance Music Structure
Synthesizers
Music Making Software
The Flow of Your Show
7 The MC 229
What Makes a Great MC?
One Part Comedian
One Part Politician
Ninety Eight Parts Entertainer
MC Tools
Voice
Image
Presence
Material
Making a Name for Yourself
Value Added
Promoting New Talent
Spotting New Trends .
Group Dynamics
Lights, or Lack Thereof
Silence
Strangeness
Unexpected Downshift
Getting a Little Free Help
Contests and Promotions
Kids’ Games
Teen Games
Games for All Ages
Good Prizes
Drinking on the Job?
8 DJ Resources 251
DJ Websites
Pro DJ Web Sites
DJ Magazines
Mobile Beat Magazine
DJ Times Magazine
DJ Mag
Nightclub and Bar Magazine
DJ Conventions
DJ Associations
9 The Digital Domain 259
Going Digital
Ripping and Encoding
Burning
Digital Storage
Sampling and Formats
WAV
AIFF
MP3
MP3Pro
Windows WMA
Apple AAC
Real Audio
Ogg Vorbis
Digital DJ Software
Sound Cards and Latency
Consumer Digital Music Software
Professional Live DJ Software
Digital DJ Hardware
Numark DMC-1
Visiosonic’s PCDJ FX and DAC-2
BPM Studio
PVDJ’s DAI
EKS XP10
Hercules DJ Controller
Stanton Final Scratch
Rane Serato Scratch Live
Complete Digital DJ Solutions
DJ RAK
DJ Power
Portable MP3 Players
Apple iPod
Creative Labs Nomad and MuVo
Other Portables
Loop-Based Software
Sony Studios Acid
Ableton Live
Propellerhead Reason
10 Planning for the Future 291
Radio DJ Career Paths
Club/Bar DJ Career Paths
Mobile DJ Career Paths
Where Are They Now?
DJ Burnout
The Future of the Business

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The Laptop Repair Workbook

TABLE OF CONTENTS
BEFORE WE BEGIN TROUBLESHOOTING 5
LAPTOP BASICS 7
WHAT’S MY LAPTOP WORTH? 18
SHOPPING FOR USED LAPTOPS 19
SHOPPING FOR NEW LAPTOPS 22
LAPTOP UPGRADES 26
THINGS THAT GO WRONG WITH LAPTOPS 29
BASIC REPAIR TECHNIQUES 34
SEARCHING FOR ANSWERS 39
TROUBLESHOOTING POWER PROBLEMS 43
TROUBLESHOOTING BATTERY PROBLEMS 47
LAPTOP VIDEO TROUBLESHOOTING 50
TROUBLESHOOTING LAPTOP OVERHEATING 55
TROUBLESHOOTING LAPTOP HARD DRIVES 57
TROUBLESHOOTING WIRELESS CONNECTIVITY 61
TROUBLESHOOTING MOTHERBOARD, CPU AND MEMORY 64
TROUBLESHOOTING LAPTOP DIAL-UP MODEMS 67
TROUBLESHOOTING DVD/CD PLAYBACK AND RECORD 70
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MS Excel 2010 Formulas

Contents at a Glance

Introduction
Part I: Basic Information
Chapter 1: Excel in a Nutshell
Chapter 2: Basic Facts about Formulas
Chapter 3: Working with Names

Part II: Using Functions in Your Formulas
Chapter 4: Introducing Worksheet Functions
Chapter 5: Manipulating Text
Chapter 6: Working with Dates and Times
Chapter 7: Counting and Summing Techniques
Chapter 8: Using Lookup Functions
Chapter 9: Tables and Worksheet Databases
Chapter 10: Miscellaneous Calculations

Part III: Financial Formulas
Chapter 11: Borrowing and Investing Formulas
Chapter 12: Discounting and Depreciation Formulas
Chapter 13: Financial Schedules

Part IV: Array Formulas
Chapter 14: Introducing Arrays
Chapter 15: Performing Magic with Array Formulas

Part V: Miscellaneous Formula Techniques
Chapter 16: Intentional Circular References
Chapter 17: Charting Techniques
Chapter 18: Pivot Tables
Chapter 19: Conditional Formatting and Data Validation
Chapter 20: Creating Megaformulas
Chapter 21: Tools and Methods for Debugging Formulas

Part VI: Developing Custom Worksheet Functions
Chapter 22: Introducing VBA
Chapter 23: Function Procedure Basics
Chapter 24: VBA Programming Concepts
Chapter 25: VBA Custom Function Examples

Part VII: Appendixes
Appendix A: Excel Function Reference
Appendix B: Using Custom Number Formats
Appendix C: Additional Excel Resources
Appendix D: What’s on the CD-ROM?
Index.
Please download here

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Drupal Multimedia

Table of Contents

Chapter 1 Introduction and Overview
Drupal's Multimedia
Drupal's Building Blocks
Nodes
Region and Blocks
Themes
Contributed Modules
Content Contruction Kit (CCK)
Custom Content Types
Fields
User Permissions
Creating Content
Views
View Administration
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Creating New View
Basic Setting
Page Views
Advanced Views Options
Advanced Theming
adding a New Theme
Basic Templatte Files
Custom Regions
Theme Function Overrides
Template Files Revisited
Summary
Chapter 2 Images for Admins and Editors
What Does Our Site Want?
Creating Gallery
Image Module
Gallery Categories
Image Size Setting
Image Gallery Setting
Gallery Alternatives
A Brief Note about Image Toolkits
Teaser Thumnails
Image Attach
Image Attach Content Settings
Attaching Images to Contents
Images Embedded in Contents
HTML
Image Assist
WYSIWG
WYSIWG Alternatives
Summary
Chapter 3 Developing for Images
Image Node : The Traditional Method
Multiple Images
ImageFields: Flexible, Powerful, Useful
Widget Field Setting
Global Setting
Managing Fields
Creating Custom Contents
Display Fields
Block Field
Resizing and Cropping
ImageCache
Third-Party Images
Embedded Media Field
Views for Galleries and Slideshows
User Images
Taxonomy Images
Summary
Chapter 4 Theming Images
Chapter 5 Third Party Video
Chapter 6 Local Video
Chapter 7 File Asset Management
Chapter 8 Audio Notes
Chapter 9 Audio Fields
Chapter 10 Theming Audio
Chapter 11 The Future of Drupal Multimedia

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Encyclopedia Of Mathematics (Science Encyclopedia)

CONTENTS
Acknowledgments
Introduction
A to Z Entries
Feature Essays
History of Equations and Algebra
History of Calculus
History of Functions
History of Geometry
History of Probability and Statistics
History of Trigonometry
Appendixes:
Appendix I
Chronology
Appendix II
Bibliography and Web Resources
Appendix III
Associations
Index
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murach's HTML XHTML and CSS

Contents

Section 1 A crash course in HTML , XHTML and CSS
Chapter 1 Introduction to web development
Chapter 2 How to edit, test and validate a web page
Chapter 3 How to use HTML to structure a web page
Chapter 4 How to use CSS to format the elements of a web page
Chapter 5 How to use the CSS box model for spacing, borders, and backgrounds
Chapter 6 How to use CSS for page layout

Section 2 Other HTML and CSS skills as you need them
Chapter 7 How to work with links and lists
Chapter 8 How to work with images
Chapter 9 How work with tables
Chapter 10 How to work with forms
Chapter 11 How to add audio, video and other media to your web site
Chapter 12 How to work with print media and mobile devices
Chapter 13 How to use JavaScript to enchange your web pages

Section 3 How to design and deploy a web site
Chapter 14 How to design a web site
Chapter 15 How to deploy a web site
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Professional Web Design Vol 2

Table of Contents
Preface 4
Design for Delight (The Current State of Web Design) 5
Keypress Navigation (The Current State of Web Design) 12
Print Design Influence (The Current State of Web Design) 23
Horizontalism (The Current State of Web Design) 36
Real-Life Metaphors (Web Design Trends) 54
Subtle Interactivity (Web Design Trends) 71
Context-Sensitive Navigation (Web Design Trends) 82
Rapid CSS3 Adaptation (Web Design Trends) 90
Responsive Web Design: What It Is and How to Use It 112
A Showcase Of Responsive Web Design 140
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Persuasion Triggers in Web Design 156
Why We Should Start Using CSS3 and HTML5 Today 169
HTML5: The Facts And The Myths 186
The User Is The Anonymous Web Designer 196
The Design Matrix: A Powerful Tool for Guiding Client Input 209
A Design Is Only As Deep As It Is Usable 229
Web Designers, Don’t Do It Alone 241
Why Design-By-Committee Should Die 245
Design Better and Faster with Rapid Prototyping 252
When a Thousand Words Is Worth a Picture 267
The Authors 280
The Smashing eBook Series 283

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DIGITAL WEDDING PHOTOGRAPHY

TABLE OF CONTENTS

The Advantages of Digital . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . .7
Control . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . .7
Digital Imaging Software . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . .9
Unlimited Shooting . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . .9
Instant Image Review . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . .10
Flexibility . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . .11
Archival Permanence . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . .11
The Internet . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . .12
Hardware . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . .12
A Changed World . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . .13
Acknowledgments . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . .14
THE PHOTOGRAPHERS . . . . . . . . . . . . . . .17
1.THE KEYSTO SUCCESS . . . . . . . . . . . . . .20
The Mind Set . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . .20
Idealization . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . .20
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Proactive vs. Reactive . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . .21
The “Hopeless Romantic” . . . . . . . . . . . . . .22
The Skills . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . .23
Powers of Observation . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . .23
Capturing the Peak of Action . . . . . . . . . . . .24
Reaction Time . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . .25
Vision . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . .26
Style . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . .26
People Skills . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . .27
What to Look For . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . .29
Narrative . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . .29
Emotion . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . .31
Uniqueness . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . .31
Assistants . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . .31
Preparation . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . .32
Joe Photo Image Gallery . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . .33
2. EQUIPMENT . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . .37
The Digital SLR . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . .37
Removable Storage Media . . . . . . . . . . . . . . .38
Image Sensors . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . .39
Sensitivity/ISO Range . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . .41
Burst Rate . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . .41
LCD Monitor . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . .42
Playback . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . .43
Lens Conversion Factor . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . .43
Effective Pixels . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . .43
File Types . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . .43
PC Terminal . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . .43
Shutter Lag Time . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . .43
Lens Capability and Accessories . . . . . . . . . . .44
Dimensions/Weight . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . .44
Battery Power . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . .44
Price . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . .44
White Balance . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . .44
Lenses . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . .45
Focal Length . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . .45
Autofocus . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . .48
Incident Flashmeter . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . .49
Wallace ExpoDisc . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . .49
Lighting Equipment . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . .49
On-Camera Flash . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . .49
Barebulb Flash . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . .50
Remote Triggering Devices . . . . . . . . . . . . . .50
Bounce-Flash Devices . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . .51
Studio Flash Units . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . .51
Light Stands . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . .51
Umbrellas . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . .52
Reflectors . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . .52
Backup and Emergency Equipment . . . . . . . . . .52
Lights, Cameras, and Other Equipment . . . .52
Batteries . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . .52
Marcus Bell Image Gallery . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . .53
3. SHOOTINGTECHNIQUES . . . . . . . . . . . .58
Light Meters . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . .58
Incident-Light Meters . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . .58
Reflected-Light Meters . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . .59
Calibration . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . .59
Evaluating Exposure . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . .59
A Clean Image Sensor . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . .61
Testing Your Camera’s Metering . . . . . . . . . . . .61
White Balance . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . .62
File Format . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . .63
RAW . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . .63
JPEG . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . .63
Color Space . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . .63
Noise . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . .65
Sharpening and Contrast . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . .65
Metadata . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . .65
Charles Maring Image Gallery . . . . . . . . . . . . . .66
4.WORKFLOW. . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . .71
JPEG Workflow . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . .71
Uploading . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . .72
File Backup . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . .72
Edit and Adjust . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . .72
Image Manipulation . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . .72
Rename . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . .72
Copy Again . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . .72
Proof Setup and Printing . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . .73
Uploading to the Internet . . . . . . . . . . . . . . .73
Album Layout . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . .74
Retouching . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . .74
Print Orders . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . .74
Album Orders . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . .74
Print Sorting . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . .74
Folders and Mounting . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . .74
Shipping . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . .74
Archiving . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . .74
RAW Workflow . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . .75
Proofing Options . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . .75
Printing Options . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . .76
Reformat Your Cards . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . .76
David Beckstead Image Gallery . . . . . . . . . . . . .77
5. COLOR MANAGEMENT . . . . . . . . . . . . . .82
It’s an RGB World Now . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . .82
Monitors . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . .83
Profiles . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . .83
Gamma Settings . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . .84
Viewing Environment . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . .84
Cameras . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . .84
Profiling Systems . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . .84
Color Space . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . .84
Printers . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . .85
Profiles . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . .85
Soft Proofing . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . .85
Yervant Zanazanian Image Gallery . . . . . . . . . .86
6. PHOTOSHOPTECHNIQUES . . . . . . . . . .92
Background Copy Layer . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . .93
Eraser Tool . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . .93
Selective Focus . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . .94
Blemishes and Other Distractions . . . . . . . . . . .95
Shininess and Wrinkles . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . .97
Teeth and Eyes . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . .97
Glare on Glasses . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . .98
Color Correction . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . .98
Sepia/Blue Tone . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . .100
Mixing Color and Black & White . . . . . . . . . .100
Vignettes . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . .101
Straightening Verticals . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . .101
Changing Image Resolution . . . . . . . . . . . . . .101
Sharpening . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . .103
Actions . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . .103
Workin’ It with Jerry D . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . .104
7. DIGITAL ALBUMS . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . .107
Types of Albums . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . .107
Traditional . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . .107
Library Binding . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . .107
Magazine Style . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . .107
Mini Albums . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . .108
Software . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . .108
Martin Schembri’s Design Templates . . . . . .108
Yervant’s Page Gallery Software . . . . . . . . .109
Montage Software System . . . . . . . . . . . . . .109
Albums Can Be Labor Intensive . . . . . . . . . . .111
Don’t Overwork Your Images . . . . . . . . . . .111
A Specialized Workflow . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . .111
Get the Client Involved . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . .112
The Photographer as Graphic Artist . . . . . . . .112
Shape . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . .113
Line . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . .113
Direction . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . .114
Right- and Left-Hand Pages . . . . . . . . . . . .115
Tension and Balance . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . .116
Additional Album Design Tips . . . . . . . . . . . .117
Title Page . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . .117
Storytelling . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . .117
Color Sampling . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . .117
Gatefolds . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . .118
Double-Trucks and Panoramic Pages . . . . .118
Dennis Orchard Image Gallery . . . . . . . . . . . . .120
Glossary . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . .124
Index . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . .126

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Mathematical Quantization

Contents

1 Quantum Mechanics 1
1.1 Classical physics . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 1
1.2 States and events . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 2
1.3 Observables . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 6
1.4 Dynamics . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 9
1.5 Composite systems . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 13
1.6 Quantum computation . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 16
1.7 Notes . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 17
2 Hilbert Spaces 19
2.1 Definitions and examples . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 19
2.2 Subspaces . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 23
2.3 Orthonormal bases . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 28
2.4 Duals and direct sums . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 31
2.5 Tensor products . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 35
2.6 Quantum logic . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 40
2.7 Notes . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 43
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3 Operators 45
3.1 Unitaries and projections . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 45
3.2 Continuous functional calculus . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 50
3.3 Borel functional calculus . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 54
3.4 Spectral measures . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 57
3.5 The bounded spectral theorem . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 61
3.6 Unbounded operators . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 63
3.7 The unbounded spectral theorem . . . . . . . . . . . . . 66
3.8 Stone's theorem . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 68
3.9 Notes . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 72
4 The Quantum Plane 73
4.1 Position and momentum . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 73
4.2 The tracial representation . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 77
4.3 Bargmann-Segal space . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 79
4.4 Quantum complex analysis . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 85
4.5 Notes . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 89
5 C*-algebras 91
5.1 The algebras C(X) . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 91
5.2 Topologies from functions . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 95
5.3 Abelian C*-algebras . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 99
5.4 The quantum plane . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 101
5.5 Quantum tori . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 109
5.6 The GNS construction . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 116
5.7 Notes . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 123
6 Von Neumann Algebras 125
6.1 The algebras l1 (X) . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 125
6.2 The algebras L1 (X) . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 128
6.3 Trace class operators . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 131
6.4 The algebras B(H) . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 135
6.5 Von Neumann algebras . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 138
6.6 The quantum plane and tori . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 143
6.7 Notes . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 146
7 Quantum Field Theory 147
7.1 Fock space . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 147
7.2 CCR algebras . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 150
7.3 Relativistic particles . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 155
7.4 Flat spacetime . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 159
7.5 Curved spacetime . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 161
7.6 Notes . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 164
8 Operator Spaces 167
8.1 The spaces V (K) . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 167
8.2 Matrix norms and convexity . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 169
8.3 Duality . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 176
8.4 Matrix-valued functions . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 180
8.5 Operator systems . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 184
8.6 Notes . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 190
9 Hilbert modules 191
9.1 Continuous Hilbert bundles . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 191
9.2 Hilbert L1-modules . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 194
9.3 Hilbert C*-modules . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 197
9.4 Hilbert W*-modules . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 202
9.5 Crossed products . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 208
9.6 Hilbert -bimodules . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 211
9.7 Notes . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 217
10 Lipschitz algebras 219
10.1 The algebras Lip0(X) . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 219
10.2 Measurable metrics . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 226
10.3 The derivation theorem . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 231
10.4 Examples . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 236
10.5 Quantum Markov semigroups . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 242
10.6 Notes . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 248
11 Quantum Groups 249
11.1 Finite dimensional C*-algebras . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 249
11.2 Finite quantum groups . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 251
11.3 Compact quantum groups . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 256
11.4 Haar measure . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 260
11.5 Notes . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 263
References 265

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Django JavaScript Integration: AJAX and jQuery

Table of Contents

Preface 1
Chapter 1: jQuery and Ajax Integration in Django 7
Ajax and the XMLHttpRequest object 8
Human speech: An overlaid function 8
Ajax: Another overlaid function 8
The technologies Ajax is overlaid on 9
JavaScript 9
XMLHttpRequest 14
Methods 14
Properties 15
HTML/XHTML 17
XML 18
JSON 18
CSS 19
The DOM 19
iframes and other Ajax variations 20
JavaScript/Ajax Libraries 21
Server-side technologies 21
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A look at Django 21
Django templating kickstart 22
A more complete glimpse at Django templating 23
Setting JavaScript and other static content in place 32
Summary 33
Chapter 2: jQuery—the Most Common JavaScript Framework 35
jQuery and basic Ajax 36
jQuery Ajax facilities 39
$.ajax() 39
context 40
data 42
dataFilter 43
dataType 43
error(XMLHttpRequest, textStatus, errorThrown) 44
success(data, textStatus, XMLHttpRequest) 44
type 44
url 44
$.aj0axSetup() 45
Sample invocation 45
$.get() and $.post() 45
.load() 46
jQuery as a virtual higher-level language 48
The selectors 48
A closure-based example to measure clock skew 52
Case study: A more in-depth application 56
Chapter 3: Validating Form Input on the Server Side 56
Chapter 4: Server-side Database Search with Ajax 56
Chapter 5: Signing Up and Logging into a Website Using Ajax 57
Chapter 6: jQuery In-place Editing Using Ajax 57
Chapter 7: Using jQuery UI Autocomplete in Django Templates 57
Chapter 8: Django ModelForm: a CSS Makeover 57
Chapter 9: Database and Search Handling 57
Chapter 10: Tinkering Around: Bugfixes, Friendlier Password Input, and a Directory That Tells Local Time 58
Chapter 11: Usability for Hackers 58
Appendix: Debugging Hard JavaScript Bugs 58
Summary 58
Chapter 3: Validating Form Input on the Server Side 61
The standard lecture: low-level validation 62
Matching regular expressions 62
You cannot guarantee absolutely valid data 63
Validating can detect (some) malicious input 63
The Django way of validation 64
Django gives you some things for free 64
The steps in Django's validation 65
A more sensible and cruelty-free approach to validation 66
Things get murkier 67
The zero-one-infinity rule: a cardinal rule of thumb in usability 68
An improvement on Django's advertised approach 68
A validation example: GPS coordinates 70
Avoiding error messages that point fingers and say, "You're wrong!" 71
Validation as demanding that assumptions be met 72
Old-school: conform to our U.S.-based assumptions! 72
Adding the wrong kind of band-aid 74
Making assumptions and demanding that users conform 76
At least names are simple, right? 76
Even in ASCII, things keep getting murkier 77
Better validation may be less validation 78
Caveat: English is something of a lingua franca 79
We don't have to negotiate with pistols 80
Doing our best to solve the wrong problem: a story 81
It really does apply to validation 82
Facebook and LinkedIn know something better 83
Summary 83
Chapter 4: Server-side Database Search with Ajax 85
Searching on the client side and server side 86
Handling databases through Django models 86
Models for an intranet employee photo directory 87
Searching our database 95
A tour of Django persistence facilities 100
Summary 103
Chapter 5: Signing Up and Logging into a Website Using Ajax 105
admin.py: administrative functions called once 107
functions.py: project-specific functions, including our @ajax_login_required decorator 107
views.py: functions that render web pages 108
style.css: basic styling for usability 113
search.html: a template for client-side Ajax 114
The Django admin interface 122
Summary 124
Chapter 6: jQuery In-place Editing Using Ajax 125
Including a plugin 127
How to make pages more responsive 127
A template handling the client-side requirements 128
The bulk of the profile 132
Whitespace and delivery 133
Page-specific JavaScript 136
Support on the server side 137
Summary 139
Chapter 7: Using jQuery UI Autocomplete in Django Templates 141
Adding autocomplete: first attempt 142
Progressive enhancement, a best practice 142
A real-world workaround 146
"Interest-based negotiation": a power tool for problem solving when plan A doesn't work 146
A first workaround 148
Boilerplate code from jQuery UI documentation 154
Turning on Ajax behavior (or trying to) 156
Code on the server side 156
Refining our solution further 159
Summary 163
Chapter 8: Django ModelForm: a CSS Makeover 165
"Hello, world!" in ModelForm 165
Expanding and customizing the example 168
Customizing ModelForm pages' appearance 170
Going under ModelForm's hood 182
An excellent "stupid" question: where's the e-mail slot? 184
Summary 187
Chapter 9: Database and Search Handling 189
Moving forward to an AHAH solution 189
Django templates for simple AHAH 192
Templating for a list of search results 192
Template for an individual profile 195
Views on the server side 202
Telling if the user is logged in 202
A view to support deletion 202
The AHAH view to load profiles 203
Helper functions for the AHAH view for searching 204
An updated model 206
An AHAH server-side search function 207
Handling the client-side: A template for the main page 209
CSS for styling the directory 232
Our updated urlpatterns 241
Summary 241
Chapter 10: Tinkering Around: Bugfixes, Friendlier Password Input, and a Directory That Tells Local Time 243
Minor tweaks and bugfixes 243
Setting a default name of "(Insert name here)" 244
Eliminating Borg behavior 244
Confusing jQuery's load() with html() 245
Preventing display of deleted instances 246
Adding a favicon.ico 249
Handling password input in a slightly different way 250
A directory that includes local timekeeping 252
Summary 260
Chapter 11: Usability for Hackers 261
Usability begins with anthropology… and Django hackers have a good start on anthropology 262
Anthropological usability techniques 263
An introductory example: card sorting 263
Focus groups: cargo cult research for usability 265
Anthropological observation: the bedrock of usability 265
More than one way to see the same situation 266
Applying this foundation to usability 268
It's just like (hard) debugging 271
Lessons from other areas 272
Live cross-cultural encounters 272
History 273
Old books and literature 274
The last other area: whatever you have 277
Understanding the user 278
A lesson from optimization 278
What's wrong with scratching an itch, or you are not your user 279
Worst practices from the jargon file 279
Python and usability 280
It's not all about the computer! 280
What to do in the concrete 282
Further reading 283
Summary 284
Appendix: Debugging Hard JavaScript Bugs 285
"Just fiddling with Firebug" is considered harmful 285
Cargo cult debugging at your fingertips 285
The scientific method of debugging 286
Exhausting yourself by barking up the wrong tree 287
The humble debugger 289
The value of taking a break 289
Two major benefits to asking for help 290
Firebug and Chrome developer tools 290
The basics across browsers 290
Zeroing in on Chrome 293
Summary 298
Index 299

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Effective Java

Table of Content

Foreword . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . .xiii
Preface . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . xv
Acknowledgments. . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . xix
1 Introduction . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 1
2 Creating and Destroying Objects. . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . .5
Item 1: Consider static factory methods instead of constructors . . . 5
Item 2: Consider a builder when faced with many constructor
parameters . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . .11
Item 3: Enforce the singleton property with a private
constructor or an enum type . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 17
Item 4: Enforce noninstantiability with a private constructor . . . . 19
Item 5: Avoid creating unnecessary objects . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 20
Item 6: Eliminate obsolete object references . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 24
Item 7: Avoid finalizers . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 27
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3 Methods Common to All Objects. . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . .33
Item 8: Obey the general contract when overriding equals . . . . . 33
Item 9: Always override hashCode when you
override equals. . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 45
Item 10: Always override toString . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 51
Item 11: Override clone judiciously . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 54
Item 12: Consider implementing Comparable . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 62
4 Classes and Interfaces. . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . .67
Item 13: Minimize the accessibility of classes and members . . . . . . 67
Item 14: In public classes, use accessor methods,
not public fields . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 71
Item 15: Minimize mutability . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 73
Item 16: Favor composition over inheritance . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 81
Item 17: Design and document for inheritance or else prohibit it . . 87
Item 18: Prefer interfaces to abstract classes . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 93
Item 19: Use interfaces only to define types. . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 98
Item 20: Prefer class hierarchies to tagged classes . . . . . . . . . . . . . 100
Item 21: Use function objects to represent strategies . . . . . . . . . . . 103
Item 22: Favor static member classes over nonstatic . . . . . . . . . . . 106
5 Generics . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . .109
Item 23: Don’t use raw types in new code . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 109
Item 24: Eliminate unchecked warnings. . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 116
Item 25: Prefer lists to arrays . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 119
Item 26: Favor generic types. . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 124
Item 27: Favor generic methods . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 129
Item 28: Use bounded wildcards to increase API flexibility . . . . . 134
Item 29: Consider typesafe heterogeneous containers . . . . . . . . . . 142
6 Enums and Annotations . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . .147
Item 30: Use enums instead of int constants. . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 147
Item 31: Use instance fields instead of ordinals . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 158
Item 32: Use EnumSet instead of bit fields . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 159
Item 33: Use EnumMap instead of ordinal indexing. . . . . . . . . . . . . 161
Item 34: Emulate extensible enums with interfaces . . . . . . . . . . . . 165
Item 35: Prefer annotations to naming patterns . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 169
Item 36: Consistently use the Override annotation. . . . . . . . . . . . 176
Item 37: Use marker interfaces to define types . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 179
7 Methods . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . .181
Item 38: Check parameters for validity . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 181
Item 39: Make defensive copies when needed . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 184
Item 40: Design method signatures carefully . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 189
Item 41: Use overloading judiciously . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 191
Item 42: Use varargs judiciously . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 197
Item 43: Return empty arrays or collections, not nulls . . . . . . . . . 201
Item 44: Write doc comments for all exposed API elements . . . . 203
8 General Programming . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . .209
Item 45: Minimize the scope of local variables . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 209
Item 46: Prefer for-each loops to traditional for loops . . . . . . . . . 212
Item 47: Know and use the libraries . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 215
Item 48: Avoid float and double if exact answers
are required . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 218
Item 49: Prefer primitive types to boxed primitives . . . . . . . . . . . 221
Item 50: Avoid strings where other types are more appropriate . . 224
Item 51: Beware the performance of string concatenation . . . . . . 227
Item 52: Refer to objects by their interfaces . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 228
Item 53: Prefer interfaces to reflection . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 230
Item 54: Use native methods judiciously. . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 233
Item 55: Optimize judiciously . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 234
Item 56: Adhere to generally accepted naming conventions . . . . . 237
9 Exceptions . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . .241
Item 57: Use exceptions only for exceptional conditions . . . . . . . 241
Item 58: Use checked exceptions for recoverable conditions
and runtime exceptions for programming errors . . . . . . . 244
Item 59: Avoid unnecessary use of checked exceptions . . . . . . . . 246
Item 60: Favor the use of standard exceptions. . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 248
Item 61: Throw exceptions appropriate to the abstraction. . . . . . . 250
Item 62: Document all exceptions thrown by each method. . . . . . 252
Item 63: Include failure-capture information in
detail messages . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 254
Item 64: Strive for failure atomicity . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 256
Item 65: Don’t ignore exceptions . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 258
10 Concurrency. . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . .259
Item 66: Synchronize access to shared mutable data. . . . . . . . . . . 259
Item 67: Avoid excessive synchronization . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 265
Item 68: Prefer executors and tasks to threads. . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 271
Item 69: Prefer concurrency utilities to wait and notify. . . . . . . 273
Item 70: Document thread safety . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 278
Item 71: Use lazy initialization judiciously . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 282
Item 72: Don’t depend on the thread scheduler . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 286
Item 73: Avoid thread groups . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 288
11 Serialization . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . .289
Item 74: Implement Serializable judiciously. . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 289
Item 75: Consider using a custom serialized form . . . . . . . . . . . . . 295
Item 76: Write readObject methods defensively . . . . . . . . . . . . . 302
Item 77: For instance control, prefer enum types
to readResolve . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 308
Item 78: Consider serialization proxies instead of serialized
instances . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . 312
Appendix: Items Corresponding to First Edition . . . . . .317
References . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . .321
Index . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . . .327

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